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This paper clarifies the concept of mass partitioning in Extended Classical Mechanics (ECM) and demonstrates why it must not be confused with mass–energy equivalence. In ECM, matter mass is a conserved, ontologically fundamental entity that may undergo internal partitioning into manifested and unmanifested components without invoking mass–energy identity. We formalize the relations among matter mass (Mᴍ), effective mass (Mᵉᶠᶠ), and apparent mass (Mᵃᵖᵖ), identified with Negative Apparent Mass (NAM), and show how kinetic energy arises through interactional redistribution rather than equivalence. This resolves recurring misconceptions associated with relativistic interpretations of kinetic and photon energy.
Extended Classical Mechanics, Mass Partitioning, Effective Mass, Apparent Mass, Negative Apparent Mass, Kinetic Energy, Vacuum-Phase Potential Energy, Energy Redistribution
Modern interpretations of mass–energy relations frequently conflate energy bookkeeping with mass identity, particularly in discussions of kinetic energy and photon energy. Extended Classical Mechanics (ECM) rejects this conflation by preserving matter mass as a fundamental, conserved entity while allowing for redistribution of its manifestation. This paper establishes the formal mass partitioning framework of ECM and clarifies why such partitioning does not constitute mass equivalence.
In ECM, matter mass (Mᴍ) is the only ontologically independent mass quantity. It represents the total conserved material content of a system and is not derived from energy, frequency, or motion. Energy does not generate mass, nor does motion alter the intrinsic existence of Mᴍ.
ECM introduces mass partitioning as an internal redistribution of manifestation within matter mass:
Here:
The apparent mass component represents a deficit in manifestation rather than a physical mass entity. It is linked to vacuum-phase potential energy as:
The negative sign indicates unavailable or unmanifested interactional capacity. NAM does not carry inertia and does not act as a source of energy.
Effective mass is defined by:
This definition shows that Mᵉᶠᶠ is not independent of Mᴍ. It is a derived manifestation state dependent on interactional conditions. Algebraic rearrangement does not alter the magnitude or physical meaning of Mᵃᵖᵖ.
Energy dynamics in ECM follow a redistribution principle:
This law describes interaction-driven manifestation. Kinetic energy arises from released potential, not from mass conversion. Matter mass remains conserved throughout.
Mass partitioning in ECM differs fundamentally from mass–energy equivalence:
Apparent contradictions regarding addition, subtraction, or conversion of mass are resolved once mass partitioning is understood as an internal manifestation accounting within Mᴍ. No physical quantity is created or destroyed.
Extended Classical Mechanics preserves matter mass as a conserved ontological entity while allowing for dynamic redistribution of its manifestation. Effective mass and apparent mass arise through interaction, not equivalence. Mass partitioning is therefore a structural accounting principle, not a restatement of Einsteinian mass–energy equivalence.
Thakur, S. N., Extended Classical Mechanics Development Framework, Tagore's Electronic Lab.
Thakur, S. N., “Negative Apparent Mass (NAM) – Definition and Physical Meaning: ECM.”
Einstein, A., “Does the Inertia of a Body Depend Upon Its Energy Content?”, 1905 (comparative reference).