1. Structure Integrity (HTML Validation Essentials)
- ✅ Ensure
<!DOCTYPE html>is declared at the top. - ✅ Include
lang="en"for language definition. - ✅ Use
<meta charset="UTF-8">to avoid symbol errors (— , ²). - ✅ Add viewport meta for mobile readability.
- ✅ Use clear
<title>and descriptive meta tags per chapter. - ✅ Apply semantic layout: header, nav, main, article, section, footer.
- ✅ Ensure all tags close properly and nesting is valid.
- ✅ Add
altattributes for all images. - ✅ Verify all
<a>links contain valid URLs.
2. Styling Validation (CSS Consistency & Readability)
- ✅ Keep styles inside a single
<style>block or a linked CSS file. - ✅ Use ECM palette:
#003366,#e0e6ef,#f9fafc. - ✅ Maintain responsive padding and check mobile readability.
- ✅ Ensure sufficient color contrast for text and links.
- ✅ Use ECM standard fonts: Segoe UI, Verdana, etc.
- ✅ Remove duplicate style definitions (e.g., footer rules).
- ✅ Highlight footer links in white and underline on hover.
- ✅ Maintain one
<h1>per page.
3. Functional Validation (Navigation & Links)
- ✅ Verify global navigation links open correctly (target="_blank").
- ✅ Use
rel="noopener noreferrer"for all external links. - ✅ Confirm internal links are relative or absolute as needed.
- ✅ Check that no links return 404 errors.
- ✅ Ensure no overlap between navigation and content on scroll.
- ✅ Test mobile responsiveness and long equation display.
- ✅ Avoid mixed (HTTP/HTTPS) resources to prevent warnings.
4. Accessibility & Metadata Layer
- ✅ Maintain logical header hierarchy: H1 → H2 → H3.
- ✅ Use meaningful link texts (“ECM Phase Kernel”, not “click here”).
- ✅ Add alt text for future ECM diagrams and figures.
- ✅ Use UTF-8 encoding to display ECM notations (Mᵃᵖᵖ, Mᵉᶠᶠ) correctly.
- ✅ Include © notice and ECM framework reference in footer.
- ✅ Optionally add canonical links for ResearchGate or publication indexing.